Lis Setiawati
27209017
3EB10
16 Tenses in English
Tenses is a form of verb (either with the help of auxiliary verbs and inflections) to demonstrate time and degree of completion of an activity or situation.
Thereby, tenses to indicate whether an activity, action, or the country it is done, already done, will do, take place within a certain period.
A. Present Tenses
1. Simple Present (Present Tense)
The pattern :
Singular Subject => verb word + s. (goes, walks, runs, etc)
(Single Subject : He/She/It)
Except I, although including its singular verb but the verb without the suffix ‘s
Plural Subject => verb word (go, walk, run, etc)
(Plural subject : They/We/You)
Example : I/We/You/They + drive (verb without “s”)
2. Simple Present Continuous (Present Continuous Tense)
The pattern :
I + am + ing.verb (driving, working, running,…)
He/She/it + is + ing.verb (driving, working, running,…)
We/they/you + are + ing.verb (driving, working, running…)
3. Present Perfect (Present Perfect Tense)
The pattern :
Subject + has/have + participle
Positive sentence :
I/we/they/you + have + participle
He/she/It + has + participle
Negative sentence :
I/we/they/you + haven’t + participle
He/she/it + hasn’t + participle
Question Sentence :
Have + I/we/they/you +participle
Has + he/she/it+ participle
4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
The pattern :
Subject + has/have + been + participle
Positive sentence :
I/we/they/you + have + been + participle
He/she/It + has + been + participle
Negative sentence :
I/we/they/you + haven’t + been + participle
He/she/it + hasn’t + been + participle
Question Sentence :
Have + I/we/they/you + been + participle
Has + he/she/it + been + participle
B. Past Tenses
1. Simple Past (Past Tense)
The pattern :
Subject + past verb
Positive sentence :
I/we/they/you + past verb (verb. 2)
He/she/It + past verb (verb. 2)
Negative sentence :
I/we/they/you + didn’t + past verb (verb.2)
He/she/it + didn’t + past verb (verb. 2)
Question Sentence :
Did + I/we/they/you/he/she/it + verb word (the base form)
Negative Question Sentence :
Didn’t + I/we/they/you/he/she/it + verb word (the base form)
2. Past Contiuous Tense
The pattern :
Subject + was/were + past verb
Positive sentence :
We/they/you + were + ing.verb
I/he/she/It + was + ing.verb
Negative sentence :
We/they/you + weren’t + ing.verb
I/he/she/it + wasn’t + ing.verb
3. Past Perfect Tense
The pattern :
Positif : Subject + had + participle (verb. 3)
Negatif : Subject + hadn’t + participle (verb. 3)
Interogatif : Had + subject + participle (verb. 3)
Subjeknya : berlaku untuk semua jenis (I/she/he/it/we/they/you)
4. Past Perfect ContinuousTense
The pattern :
Subject + had + been + verb-ing
(subjeknya : berlaku untuk semua jenis)
C. (Present) Future Tenses
1. Simple Future Tense
Outline is a sentence to reveal the activities carried out in the future
The patern :
Positive sentence :
I/we + shall + verb word (verb 1)
Subject + will + verb word (verb 1)
(untuk semua jenis subjek)
Negative sentence :
I/we + shall not + verb word (verb 1)
Subject + won’t + verb word (verb 1)
(untuk semua jenis subjek)
Interrogative sentence :
Shall + subject + infinitive (verb 1)
(untuk semua jenis subjek)
2. Future Continuous Tense
Used to declare an event / action that will happen in the future
The pattern : Subject + (shall/will) be + ing.form (ing.verb)
3. Future Perfect Tense
The pattern : will have + participle (verb 3)
4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense
The pattern : will + have been + ing. Form (verb – ing.)
D. Conditional / Past Future Tense
1. (Simple) Conditional / Past Future Tense
2. Conditional / Past Future Continuous Tense
3. Conditional / Past Future Perfect tense
4. Conditional / Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
